Carbon Dating| Neanderthal| Nephilim| radiocarbon reservoir| water canopy

Neanderthal man has become an enigma to science, once being hailed the proof of evolution of apes to modern man. Considered to be the brutish ancestral link to man in the evolution chain, the intermediate stage between man and ape. Neanderthals possessing many human attributes are now recognised by scientists as a contemporary of modern man for a time living alongside humans. But amazingly with a brain the same size or larger than mans! Were these the Nephilim referred to at Genesis 6:4? To address this question we need to examine the information available on Neanderthal man.

In 1856 workers in the Neander Valley near Dusseldorf Germany uncovered a skull and bones. The skull was unlike anything seen before, having a flattened cranium with a heavy brow ridge above large eye sockets. Nearby, workers also uncovered an assortment of thick and heavily fossilized bones. In succeeding years many further specimens have been found, not only in the German Neander Valley, but in France, Italy, Iraq, Spain and Israel.

Controversy surrounded the interpretation of these fossils. Initially a German Anatomist Rudolf Virchow examined the first discovery and concluded they were Homo sapien with rickets, caused by a deficiency of vitamin D. He considered that the flattened head was caused by repeated powerful blows.

When more finds came to light with what also appeared to be rickets, it was considered far too much of a coincidence and for lack of any other explanation they became relegated to a sub-human category. Later the French palaeontologist Marcellin Boule, concluded Neanderthals walked stooped forward which fitted in with the then new current thinking of Darwin's evolutionary theory of the origin of man. For the next fifty years this created the popular image of an ape man intermediary to man. Science considered it had the conclusive evidence it badly needed showing the missing stage between ape and man

Over one hundred years after first being found, Boule's skeleton was re-examined in 1957. It was now determined that Neanderthals walked upright and the stooped posture suggested by Boule's skeleton was created by arthritis. More evidence from various caves and digs has shown that Neanderthals wielded tools and weapons, wore ornaments, had cultural and religious rites, ceremoniously burying their dead.

The greatest enigma found with Neanderthal is their brain size, which is more than 13% larger than our own brain size. The average Neanderthal brain measured 1,500 millilitres in volume compared to less than 1,400 millilitres for the current world wide average of humans. This brain size allowed for large cerebral hemispheres. Neanderthals were intelligent thinkers. Yet they left almost no permanent record of their presumed intelligence or culture. Some say he could walk the streets today in a suit collar and tie and be unrecognised, well maybe in New York, but about as unrecognisable as a stocky body builder, would be a fairer reflection. Yet today study books continue to be full of illustrations of Neanderthals as subhuman ape men. Out of date TV documentaries go on wrongly depicting Neanderthals as the evolutionary ape man link.

Neanderthals were physically very strong and unquestionably tough, a physically impressive race. Males averaged about 1m 75 cm; females 1m 60 cm, Neanderthals were considerably stronger and tougher. Their joints, were larger; their bones thicker. The fossils indicate they were substantially more muscled including the children. Neanderthal fossils lack the predominant chin of humans and a last set of molars. They had well muscled chests, long bodies, with shorter legs. Some fossil specimens (not all), have hip sockets more splayed than modern humans. The size of the skull eye sockets would have carried very large eyeballs, presumably enhancing their vision.

Through examining the attachment points at which muscles bind to their bones it has been illustrated that their calves and biceps were extremely well developed as well as their pectoral chest and back muscles. A Neanderthal, because of this greater muscle mass, would weigh some ten kilos more than a modern human of equivalent height. They were regular Mr Universes far stronger than humans.

Neanderthals used fire for heating, cooking and manufacturing. They probably crafted leather and fur garments of various types. Had a relatively advanced tool and weapon making culture manufacturing a large variety of finely edged, sophisticated flint tools and weapons. This industry is characterised by the many tool types found, including spear points, stone lances and wooden spears with fire hardened points. Neanderthals probably made these different types of implements, for both "military" and domestic use, it provides evidence of their ability to plan, think and scheme.

Almost certainly, the Neanderthal race possessed advanced language. Fossil remains indicate Neanderthal voice boxes containing the vocal cords were capable of making the same sounds as modern humans. As they lived alongside humans it is reasonable to conclude they spoke the same language.

In a cave in Slovenia Yugoslavia, archaeologists consider they have unearthed the world's oldest true musical instrument, a flute which appears to have been made by Neanderthals. Broken at both ends, the 12 cm long instrument is made out of the leg bone of a young bear and still retains its four finger holes. Apart from being considered the oldest musical instrument in the world, this flute's greatest significance lies in its association with Neanderthals ability to produce music, and make musical instruments. The Neanderthal race could have composed music, sung to it and danced to it no differently than humans today. The ability to create music on a multiple note instrument reveals evidence of imagination, abstract thought and appreciation for musical tunes. It would therefore be reasonable to conclude that these same qualities could also have been put to use in other skills such as primitive reading and writing.

There is evidence indicating Neanderthals possessed a sense of community spirit by performing ritual burials and caring for the old and sick. Remains of several physically impaired individuals have been uncovered. Some recovered skeletons display old, healed injuries suggesting their wounds or injuries were treated and cared for. In a cave in Iraq, archaeologists uncovered skeletons of a man, two women and an infant buried together in soil containing flower pollen. The flowers, being set there by survivors, strongly suggests Neanderthals thought and cared for their dead.

Analysis of the sediment pollen concentrated in batches, implied that possible bunches of flowers had been placed on the grave. Closer examination of the pollen enabled scientists to identify many flowers that were present, all of which had some therapeutic properties. Were they part of an aromatic preparation, a kind of pot-pourri for the dead, or perfumed oils used in ointment preparations? If so an appreciation of the cosmetic appearance of flowers and perfumed fragrances existed, much the same as today with our embalming of the body with fragrances and the use of flowers at funerals. The flowers also testify to a warm climate by the abundant floral varieties availability at the time.

It is possible Neanderthals chose certain caves to use as burial 'tombs' and sealed them. It would account for the fact that so many of the remains of Neanderthals have been found buried in certain caves. This practice is similar to human cultures who in certain parts of the world use memorial tombs often carved out of the inside of a natural caves rolling stones in front of the entrance to seal shut the tomb cave. Evidence of Neanderthal skeletons buried in the ground of excavated caves suggests concern over the concepts of life and death. Value being placed on the dead person, funerals a part of the social and psychological practices for dealing with death.

Neanderthals show signs of being a social race in which the old and the injured were taken care of instead of simply left to die as with apes. Individuals of well advanced years have been found testifying to the concept of principled care in old age. Religion is a characteristic of the human species. In order to have religion, one must be capable of abstract thought and reasoning. Without such abilities, the concepts of life and death or a God could not be imagined. It appears the Neanderthal race possessed some of these attributes.

Unlike humans however, there is evidence presented by the scientists that the male/female role interplay as practised by humans in family activity was not so much carried out by Neanderthals. There is no evidence of couples or family oriented activities among Neanderthals such as taking meals together. This stands out in contrast to their closeness in so many other ways to humans.

There is evidence that Neanderthals were fighters suffering and inflicting battle wounds, mutilations, torture and maiming, they may also have practised cannibalism. In France archaeologists uncovered 2 fragments of leg bones and 3 arm bones. Some scientists believe that these bones show signs of being fractured while still fresh. Another Neanderthal site containing human bone fragments shows signs of cuts and burns. The presence of burns on the bones is significant since no animal, other than humans, make deliberate use of fire in food preparation. These burnt and intentionally broken human bones have been interpreted as being evidence of a type cannibalism, Neanderthals eating humans. They could equally be evidence of torture and or mutilation by dismemberment as has often been the case within certain human cultures who engage in battle blood lust.

Researchers working in caves in Israel have unearthed skeletons of both Neanderthals and modern humans. The Neanderthal remains being younger than the accompanying "modern" humans skeletons buried deeper.

If the relationship of the dates are correct, modern type humans were around for a long time 'before' the Neanderthals appeared. After they did arrive on the scene "modern humans" appear to have coexisted with Neanderthals for some time, until they the Neanderthals went extinct. Although it appears that Neanderthals and modern humans were contemporary, inhabiting the same geographic areas and living areas Neanderthals did not interbreed with humans.

There is evidence that both 'types' exchanged ideas, at least in how to make tools. As a result, the idea that Homo Neanderthalensis directly evolved into Homo sapiens now seems wildly improbable and rejected.

According to present scientific thinking the fossil record of Neanderthals abruptly ends about 30,000 to 35,000 years ago. After this time only Homo Sapiens dominate the scene. Researchers say "Why Neanderthals suddenly went extinct is a topic of much question we may never know the true reason."

Radiocarbon analysis puts the later Neanderthal sites as being c 32,500 years old. Some 32,000 years ago Neanderthals disappeared completely; they simply vanished for no apparent reason.

Today Neanderthal is classified as totally human - Homo sapien (humankind). What happened to them? Some scientist theorise that our Homo sapien race, killed off the Neanderthal race. So did a physically and mentally inferior race of humans exterminate a physically and mentally superior race Neanderthals?? Logic dictates that if one race extinguished the other, the Neanderthal race with their superior strength and mental abilities should have exterminated the inferior human race!

This, of course, is the ultimate question, one that continues to divide and baffle experts. Alternative explanations will now be examined in this paper which cover the above criteria.

Scientists as we have seen date the end of the Neanderthals at c32,500 years ago. How do they arrive at this date? What scientific processes do they use to come to this conclusion? Surprising as it may seem it is all based on 'relative' methods "guess work". Ridiculous! Have a look at the facts, when we do we are faced with an unusual situation that exists no where else in the sciences.

'Science' has created a theoretic "geological column chart" on which the theory of evolution is hung. The most recent chart, now used in most museums and universities is that drawn up by Van Eysinga in 1975. This chart covers some 600 million years dividing time into periods, i.e Cretaceous 65 to 140 million year ago; Jurassic 140 to 195 million years ago etc, etc. This chart cannot be found in nature, it is theoretical, pieced together from various inter-related strata from all over the world. These vast time periods have been allocated in the chart to allow for the slow burying of fossils in sedimentary rock layers they cannot be proved or illustrated in any deposits being formed today it is all calculated and based on estimated guess work.

When a geologist has difficulty dating a rock stratum he requests the evolutionists opinion on the date of the fossils the rock contains, this then becomes its 'established' age date. On the other hand when an evolutionist has difficulty dating a fossil he requests the geologists opinion on the age of the rock containing the fossil which then becomes its 'accepted' age date. A case of two theories being cross referenced in order to establish a so called fact??

Technically the carbon dating process is very accurate, making precise calculations according to a set formula. The clock itself works very well; like a stop watch. The problems come with the set up data fed into it, unless the calibrations are realistic and accurate the clock is no good. For example if an extremely accurate clock is set to the wrong time to start with, no matter how accurate it is, the time it shows will always be wrong. Or if a clock has its mechanism set to a 25 hour day calibration with accuracy down to one thousandth of a second, the time it shows will always be useless to its owner and the error accumulates day by day.

So how has the important Carbon dating clock been set for dating Neanderthal man? Cosmic ray protons blast nuclei in the upper atmosphere, producing neutrons which in turn bombard nitrogen, the major constituent of the atmosphere. This neutron bombardment produces the radioactive isotope carbon-14. The radioactive carbon-14 combines with oxygen to form radioactive carbon dioxide and is incorporated into the cycle of living things. In minute quantities through photosynthesis both forms from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere passes into plants and thereby animals being absorbed into all living things along the food chain.

When an organism dies, it contains a ratio of C14 to C12, the C14 decays with no possibility of replenishment so the ratio decreases at a regular rate. The measurement of C14 decay provides an indication of the age of any carbon-based material (a raw radiocarbon age). One of the most frequent uses of radiocarbon dating is to estimate the age of organic remains from archaeological sites. Carbon dating can only be used on matter which was once living, taking in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis. The ratio of C12 to its minute cousin C14 is constant in all living things (today one C14 atom to one billion C12 atoms).

Scientists claim they have accurately calculated the age of Neanderthal bones using this Radio Carbon C14 method. They assume C14 has been forming in the atmosphere constantly and continually for millions of years and its build up which they calculate took 30,000 years has reached its constant saturation point (the radiocarbon reservoir) so that as much C14 is now decaying as being formed. C14 absorbed into any living thing during its life time starts to decay once it dies. After death half the amount of C14 decays away to nitrogen gas in about 5,700 years. Half of the remaining half, decays away in a further 5,700 years and so on until immeasurably small. Once a plant or animal dies it stops taking in C14 and decay starts at the above rate while C12 stays the same.

This dating test relies entirely on knowing exactly what the original ratio mix of C14 to C12 was. The clock is only accurate if the ratio is the same today as when the organism lived and that it remained constant throughout its life and after its death, right up to the time of dating. If there had been less C14 in the atmosphere during its lifetime than it would have absorbed less and the ratio would read much lower with a resulting lower count per second giving it a much older false reading.

Evolutionists believe that there has been no change in the ratio of C14 to C12 for millions of years. William Libby and his co-workers while developing the radiocarbon dating method in the 1940s believed that the amount of C14 in the world could not possibly have varied during the time that mankind had been on the Earth simply because the Earth is of an immense age, some 4,600 million years old so they believed. Because of this great age it has been assumed the 30,000 years transition period required for the atmosphere to have built up to its ‘equilibrium value’ of C14 had already occurred and that the terrestrial radiocarbon reservoir had reached a steady state.

ASSUMPTIONS

To test this assumption in Libby’s theory he made measurements of both the rate of formation and the rate of decay of radiocarbon. Libby found to his surprise a considerable discrepancy in his measurements; that apparently, radiocarbon was being created in the atmosphere somewhere around 25% faster than it was becoming extinct. Since this result to him was inexplicable he put it down to experimental error.

During the 1960s chemists repeated Libby’s experiments with refined techniques. They revealed that the discrepancy of Libby’s was not experimental error but did exist. Richard Longenfelter found 'There is strong indication, despite the large errors that the present natural production rate exceeds the natural decay rate by as much as 25%'.

Other researchers have since confirmed this finding including Hans Suess, of the University of Southern California in the Journal of Geophysical Research and V R Switzer writing in Science. Professor Melvin Cook Professor of Metallurgy at Utah University reviewed the data of Suess and Lingenfelter and reached the conclusion that the present rate of formation of carbon 14 is 18.4 atoms per gram per minute and the rate of decay 13.3 atoms per gram per minute, a ratio indicating that formation exceeds decay by some 38 per cent.

Many other researchers have shown that C14 in the atmosphere is still increasing at between 25 to 38% more than is at present decaying. This indicates that the atmosphere, because it has not yet reached saturation with C14, (saturation point is reached when the amount decaying is the same as that being formed) is either still building up and is therefore much younger than originally considered, or at some earlier stage the atmosphere was inhibited from the present rate of cosmic particle bombardment which creates C14 in the atmosphere. If this were the case it would mean the build up time of C14 would require much longer than the estimated 30,000 years to reach saturation equilibrium.

Cook went one step further taking the latest measured figures on radiocarbon formation and decay. He calculated them back to the point at which there would have been zero radiocarbon. In so doing he is in effect using the radiocarbon technique to date the Earths atmosphere. His resulting calculations showed that the composition of C14 in the present atmosphere is only around 10,000 years old! This would drastically reduce the amount of C14 in the atmosphere thousands of years ago and thereby reduce the amount absorbed by living organisms during their life times. When making present day readings of C14 using the wrongly calibrated saturation assumption the C14 clock creates an erroneous much older date.

The Nephelim race are recorded to have existed some 4,400 years ago. If we assume for the moment that Neanderthal bones are one and the same as Nephelim bones with a real age of only some 4,400 years which could well be supported using the short 10,000 year C14 build up calculation?

It is ridiculous to think that the atmosphere of the Earth is only 10,000 years old as the evidence suggests. Agreed, but the truth can often be more incredible than fiction. There is evidence that although the atmosphere is older than 10,000 years the absorption of C14 at its present rate has possibly been much slower and longer than assumed. The C14 penetration and absorption into our atmosphere was possibly inhibited prior to this time by a protective cosmic ray layer when this ended Earth's climate also changed radically.

Is it possible that the evidence uncovered about Neanderthals should be applied to the Nephilim race? Can we apply the following characteristics associated with Neanderthals to Nephilim?

The ancient Hebrew manuscripts refer to a time some 4,500 years ago, before the Egyptian civilisation, when highly intelligent spirit creatures were aware the human race was multiplying on this planet. They turned their attention to earth with the intention of controlling it. The human race at that time could have reached a possible population of some 35 million * (see foot note 1). For calculated reasons they took the opportunity to move in on the Human estate with the objective of bringing it under their control and domination.

Possessing a high level of knowledge, a race millions of years older than the fairly new human race, understanding precisely how the DNA functioned in the human format. Engineered a transformation of their makeup to assimilate human form taking on physical bodies fashioned on the human DNA structure and cellular make up. Probably enhancing in the process physical power and size, making themselves extremely impressive specimens * (see foot note 2 for manuscript references).

There is no information in the manuscripts as to how many undertook this metamorphic change but possibly some thousands participated. Taking pleasure in the power and control they could exercise over the natural human population. Cohabiting with human women, selecting the best for themselves without restriction probably meeting little objection on account of their impressive physical. Once women had become inseminated with their engineered semen they became pregnant giving birth to children who were a hybrid half caste race known as Nephilim yet with there own separate DNA code.

Once a first generation group of male and female Nephilim had been raised then they would have independently bred. How many this new race grew to is hard to say but the records inform us that the race existed for at least 120 years (see foot note 2 vs 3 at end of paper ). It has been estimated the total number of Neanderthal at some 70,000 (Wikapedia) although it could well have been much larger compared to a estimated human population now increased to many millions (see foot note 2 vs 2 at end of paper).

It seems the original fathers of this Nephilim race intended to hold influence and control over the human population with a possible view to exterminating it. In order to do this they needed time to breed up the numbers as quickly as possible to form an army big enough to control the larger human population. While this was going on the human race was defending itself and skirmishing against this physically stronger race. The record says this period of history became filled with violence and bloodshed. The entire human race was affected by this growing Nephilim race creating an environment of terror and killing.

It is very possible that this genetically engineered race referred to as the Nephilim were in fact one and the same as the Neanderthal race. The characteristics of Nephilim fit the descriptions of the Neanderthal "a physically very strong, tough impressive race with larger joints, thicker bones, well muscled chests, long bodies, and shorter legs weighing approximately twenty pounds more than a modern humans of equivalent height, regular Mr Universes." It also explains why their brain size and cerebral hemispheres were as large if not larger than humans. If calibration corrections of the C14 dating clock are adjusted to the lower build up of C14 it brings both Nephilim and Neanderthals into the same time frame some 4,400 years ago.

Science makes guesses as to what caused the extinction of the Neanderthal race but the records tell us what caused the extinction of the Nephilim race and most of the human race, a massive world deluvion flood. The manuscripts shed further light on how this deluge occurred and how it would have dramatically changed the C14 build up in the atmosphere, (see foot note 2 vs 7-17 at end of paper).

The manuscripts refer back to a time when a water screen was suspended above the earth's atmosphere in ice crystal form, held in a suspended orbit as are satellites today. Saturn has around it atmospheric rings, although very different in composition to that which would have circled the earth. This earth's protection layer would have had to have been much wider than Saturn's rings, roofing over the earth's atmosphere, thicker over the equator, tapering towards the poles, forming a global atmospheric climate controlling mechanism (see foot note 3 at end of paper).

Provide this canapy mechanism was suspended higher than 15 km it would protect the earths atmosphere from forming C14 carbon dioxide "much of the carbon-14 production takes place at altitudes of 9 to 15 km (30,000 to 50,000 ft), and at high geomagnetic latitudes, where C-14 then reacts relatively rapidly with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO₂)" (Wicipedia). This protection would completely void all present Radiocarbon dating dates being many timer younger due to a much lower C14 build.

This mechanism would have had the effect of dissipating the thermal heat rays from the sun more evenly over the surface of the planet. Protecting equator regions from the intense overheating of the sun as experienced today and dispersing this heat out toward the polar regions, making for a more even temperate climate throughout the entire earth's surface. Explaining evidence found of temperate vegetation and animals living close to the polar regions and why warm climate animals living in these arctic areas were suddenly destroyed and preserved in ice. Desert areas of the earth today show evidence during earlier chapters of mans history having abundant water supplies and lush vegetation throughout the year, the very same temperate climate that the Neanderthals or Nephilim lived in.

It could also explain the dilemma some archaeologists have when finding evidence that the Great Sphinx of Egypt was exposed to rainfall weathering over a long period. For the last 4,000 years there has been very little if any rainfall in Egypt; was the earth's climate changed radically by the removal of this suspended canopy? Were the three Giza pyramids and Sphinx built pre deluvion flood?

This protective outer layer surrounding the earth's atmosphere dissipated the warmth around the earth similar to the effect of a green house roof. Just as the panes of glass block the suns harmful radiation rays entering the green house. You will never get a suntan sitting inside a glass green house on a sunny day. So to the water vapour/ice crystal screening layer above the atmosphere protected the earth from harmful cosmic ray bombardment, blocking most of the C14. Today without the canopy we are unprotected from the constant bombardment of these rays and so subject to the effects of premature ageing. Science is now linking the bombardment of these radiation rays to cell and DNA breakdown as part of the human ageing process.

According to Greek manuscripts it was the orbital ice canopy that provided the means to remove this engineered race (see foot note 3 Greek Codex Sanaticus at end of paper). At a determined date this suspended canopy was broken up, according to chronological calculations some 4,400 years ago. The fall of a massive deluge of waters came from the breaking-up of this suspended ice canopy. Possibly centrifugal, and gravitational forces holding it in position were adjusted the same way satellites can be programed to fall to earth by adjustments in orbit.

Scientists acknowledge that the earth's magnetic force fields have at certain times reversed themselves. Surveys have revealed that the earth's magnetic field has reversed on more than one occasion. Did a reversing of the magnetic field provide the trigger mechanism altering the orbit speed pulling down of the ice layer ?

Much of the billions upon billions of tons of suspended ice crystals would have been drawn down toward the poles by gravitational and centrifugal forces, melting to sleet and water as it fell, freezing back to ice with high velocity winds as it came down at the polar regions. Its removal would cause major dramatic changes to the earth's former temperate, benign climate.

Build up of water and ice falling at the polar regions would have forced it under great pressures into glaciers spreading rapidly out from the North and South poles over the surfaces of the globe toward the equators, gouging great valleys under rapid movement of mountains of ice. Glaciers bulldozed along under tremendous back pressure, everything in their paths destroyed. With a continual falling of this water and ice for 40 days (see foot note 4) at both poles more and more ice piled up creating an enormous build up of pressure until its sheer weight cracked the earth's outer crust buckling and breaking it up into the 'tectonic plate' continental land masses we now have. These great continental land mass plates crushed against one another forcing up mountain ranges while the weight of massive ice glaciers along with billions of tons of additional water forced down surface depressions allowing water to settle into new great ocean basins that we have today.

How does the evidence fit with this? Did the deluvion mechanism provide the criteria that resulted in the cracking up of the earths crust into the worlds continental plates?

It certainly could have provided the energy to create the tremendous forces needed to tear apart and crack up the earth's crust. It could also have provided the massive rapid energy to drive these cracked continental plates apart in some places, over riding neighboring plates. Compressing and forcing plate edges against one another with such force to drive them up forming the world's great mountain ranges that have recently come into existence.

The hypothesis that the crust of the earth could have been cracked up into the continental plates by a massive thickening of the earth's polar ice caps was put forward by Hapgood and Campbell in 1958, in their publication "Earth's Shifting Crust".

Professor Melvin Cook took this theory and modeled it. He started with a situation where the earth's mantel was more or less fairly uniformly covered with crust from pole to pole. By creating a build up of ice at the poles he finally cracked the crust, the fracture lines determined by the pressures being exerted from the opposing polar forces. These pressures on the earth's crust can be likened to the effect on the shell of a hard boiled egg being squeezed in a vice from both ends. When the earth's crust fractured it would have snapped rapidly and violently and like the pieces of the egg shell, quickly separated in some places, but in others forced up against one another.

Professor Cook believes the ancient great Arctic ice cap a mass of some 100 million tons disappeared suddenly about 10,000 years ago. To explain this he says it would be necessary for the ice to have dissipated catastrophically. He concludes the evidence proves the earth's crust was rapidly forced up into the great mountain ranges at about the same time masses of ice and snow were released forming the present oceans.

This pole to pole directional cracking and forcing up great mountain ranges can be born out by just studying a globe of the direction of the earths mountain ranges.

Much evidence supports a recent earth having much less water on its surface and far more dry land:

1. Vast amounts of terrestrial animal remains have been found thousands of meters deep in the oceans, evidence that the land was once above sea level.

2. Marine animal remains including whale skeletons bear evidence of sudden extinction have been found hundreds of meters above sea level, evidence of some phenomena causing the water to suddenly and dramatically raise above the original sea level.

3. Thousands of flat top islands over 1,000 meters high have been charted at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. They are encrusted with coral revealing they at one time they must have been at or near the surface.

4. The island of Great Britain was once linked to Europe by a connecting plateau average depth now about 120 m below sea level, once all dry land, remains of forests, animal, human and Neanderthal bones have all been found on this plateau, evidence of a previously much lower sea level with a temperate climate.

5. The oceans and seas at present cover some 70% of the earth's surface. It has been calculated that if 20% of the earth's water was evaporated off some 50% more dry land would appear, with the re-emergence of much of this land that was at one time originally above the water. A suspended ice canapy as described could have comfortably taken up more than 20% of the waters .

11b. Nephilim had an intelligent awareness for theoretic concepts, with additional knowledge
possibly passed on by their fathers.

The contradicting and mysterious circumstances surrounding the Neanderthals can be explained by the Hebrew records which refers to an ancient hybrid race, the Nephilim. These manuscripts are among some of the oldest in the world, now collected together as part of the scriptures. The Neanderthal remains are Nephilim.

A conservative calculation for the population of the earth 4,500 years ago is 35 million. The history of the human race places the first human breeding couple c 6,000 years ago. Applying population increase doubling every 60 years then over a period of 1,500 years the population would have increased from 2 to 35 million (figures are approximations).

References Masoretic text as per the Codex Leningrad B 19A manuscript
as presented in Kittels Biblia Hebraica.

Ref Gen 6 vs 1 "men started to increase in numbers on the surface of the ground and daughters were born to them".

Ref vs 2 "then the sons (translated "Angels" codex Alexandrinus Gr 5th cent C. E British museum) of the (true) God began to notice the daughters of men, that they were good looking: and they went taking wives for themselves, namely, all whom they chose".

Ref vs 3 "After that Yahweh said: "My spirit shall not act toward man indefinitely in that he is also flesh. Accordingly his days shall amount to a hundred and twenty years."

Ref vs 4 "The Nephilim (ancient Hebrew, han. Hephilim, Fellers or those who cause others to fall down) proved to be in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of the (true) God continued to have relations with the daughters of men and they bore sons to them, they were the mighty ones who were of old, the men of fame".

Ref vs 5 "Consequently Yahweh saw that the badness of man was abundant in the earth and every inclination of the thoughts of his heart was only bad all the time ( all the "day" ).

Ref vs 6 "And Yahweh felt regrets that he had made man in the earth, and he felt hurt at his heart".

Ref vs 7 "Stating: "I am going to wipe men whom I have created off the surface of the ground, from man to domestic animal, moving animals and flying creatures of the heavens, because I regret that I have made them."

Ref vs 11 "And the earth came to be ruined in the sight of the (true) God and the earth became filled with violence".

Ref vs 12 "So God saw the earth and look! It was ruined, because all flesh had ruined its way on the earth".

Ref vs 13 "After that God said to Noah: "The end of all flesh has come before me, because the earth is full of violence as a result of them; and here I am bringing them to ruin together with the earth".

Ref vs 17 "As for me, here I am bringing the deluge ( heb,. ham.mabbul " the heavenly ocean" ) of waters upon the earth to bring to ruin all flesh in which the force of life is active (the active force [spirit] ) from under the heavens. Everything that is in the earth will expire".

Ref 1 Pet vs 18 ".. Christ died once for all time concerning sin ... he being put to death in the flesh, but being made alive in the spirit". vs 19 "In this (state ) also he went his way and preached to the spirits in prison," vs 20 "who had once been disobedient when the patience of God was waiting in Noah's day....."

Evidence in the manuscript records from the Masoretic text as per the Codex Leningrad B 19A manuscript
as presented in Kittels Biblia Hebraica.

Ref Gen 1 vs 6 "God commanded "Let an expanse (atmosphere) come to be between the waters, and let a dividing occur between the two waters."

Ref vs 7 "Then God proceeded to create the expanse (atmosphere) causing a dividing between the waters that should be under the expanse (atmosphere) and the waters that should be above the expanse (atmosphere)".

Ref vs 8 "And he called the expanse "Sky" (the atmosphere in which the birds fly see vs 20).

Ref 2 Pe 3 vs 5 "There used to be a Sky (Heavens or atmosphere) and a earth of old which stood out of water and in the middle of water suspended".

Ref 2 Pe 3 vs 6 "By means of this (suspended water) the inhabited world of that time was destroyed by being deluged with water".

Evidence in the manuscript records from the Masoretic text as per the Codex Leningrad B 19A manuscript
as presented in Kittels Biblia Hebraica.

Ref Gen 7 vs 11 "... on this day all the springs of the vast water canopy was broken up and the windows of the heavens were opened".

Other sources
Richard Milton, 'The Facts of Life shattering the Myth of Darwinism.
Melvin Cook, 'Prehistory and Earth Models'.
Hapgood, Charles & Campbell, James, Earth's Shifting Crust'.

NEANDERTHAL; NEPHILIM?